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What is Mayan calender?

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mayan-calendar-2012It is a system of calendars and almanacs which are used in the Maya communities in highland Guaternala and Oaxaca Mexico. It is dated back to 5th century BCE and in common use thorough out the region. With the other Mesoamerican civilizations colanders it has many similarities. The Haab' was the Maya solar calendar made up of eighteen months of twenty days each plus a period of five days ("nameless days") at the end of the year known as Wayeb' (or Uayeb in 16th C. orthography). It was of 52 solar years.

 

Seq.
Num.
 1

Day
Name
 2

Glyph
example
 3

16th C.
Yucatec
 4

reconstructed
Classic Maya
 5

Seq.
Num.
 1

Day
Name
 2

Glyph
example
 3

16th C.
Yucatec
 4

reconstructed
Classic Maya
 5

01

Imix'

Imix

Imix (?) / Ha' (?)

11

Chuwen

Chuen

(unknown)

02

Ik'

Ik

Ik'

12

Eb'

Eb

(unknown)

03

Ak'b'al

Akbal

Ak'b'al (?)

13

B'en

Ben

C'klab

04

K'an

Kan

K'an (?)

14

Ix

Ix

Hix (?)

05

Chikchan

Chicchan

(unknown)

15

Men

Men

(unknown)

06

Kimi

Cimi

Cham (?)

16

K'ib'

Cib

(unknown)

07

Manik'

Manik

Manich' (?)

17

Kab'an

Caban

Chab' (?)

08

Lamat

Lamat

Ek' (?)

18

Etz'nab'

Etznab

(unknown)

09

Muluk

Muluc

(unknown)

19

Kawak

Cauac

(unknown)

10

Ok

Oc

(unknown)

20

Ajaw

Ahau

Ajaw

NOTES:

  1. 1.The sequence number of the named day in the Tzolk'in calendar
  2. 2.Day name, in the standardized and revised orthography of the Guatemalan Academia de Lenguas Mayas
  3. 3.An example glyph (logogram) for the named day. Note that for most of these several different forms are recorded; the ones shown here are typical of carved monumental inscriptions (these are "cartouche" versions)
  4. 4.Day name, as recorded from 16th centuryYukatek Mayaaccounts, principallyDiego de Landa; this orthography has (until recently) been widely used
  5. 5.In most cases, the actual day name as spoken in the time of the Classic Period (ca. 200–900) when most inscriptions were made is not known. The versions given here (inClassic Maya, the main language of the inscriptions) are reconstructed on the basis of phonological evidence, if available; a '?' symbol indicates the reconstruction is tentative.

Long Count

The calendar was of 52 solar years that is 18980 days. So a refined method needed in order to record the history accurately. To specify it need to be a longer days which was called Long Count.

Days

Long Count period

Long Count period

Approx solar years

1

= 1 K'in

 

 

20

= 20 K'in

= 1 Winal

0.0548

360

= 18 Winal

= 1 Tun

0.985

7,200

= 20 Tun

= 1 K'atun

19.7

144,000

= 20 K'atun

= 1 B'ak'tun

394.3

 

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